Hemorrhoids can develop in a number of ways, including increased pressure on the veins caused by bowel movement straining; pregnancy-related issues; sitting for long periods on the toilet, putting strain on the anal opening; chronic constipation or diarrhea; from obesity; eating a low-fiber diet, which causes larger stools and constipation; and finally, hemorrhoids can be caused by anal intercourse, which can damage and tear the delicate fibers in the rectum and anus.
Older people are more susceptible to hemorrhoids because the tissues surrounding the veins in the anus and rectum often stretch and weaken as part of the normal aging process. Half of adults age 50 and older have to deal with the bleeding, discomfort and itching caused by hemorrhoids.
While hemorrhoids are painful and annoying, they can be treated with over-the-counter remedies. Combined with some minor lifestyle changes, most people will not be long-term sufferers.
Symptoms of Hemorrhoids
Hemorrhoid symptoms may include the following:
- Bowel movement bleeding -- Small amounts of bright red blood may appear on the toilet tissue, signaling the presence of hemorrhoids.
- Extreme itching -- The area in and around the anus develops an uncontrollable itch and irritation.
- Pain -- Hemorrhoids can cause elimination pain and sometimes manifest while sitting.
- Swelling -- The irritated area around the anus can swell from repeated scratching. There also may be a painful lump in the area.
- Leakage -- The sphincter may not close properly from the swelling, causing fecal leakage.