"Hiccup" is a term used to describe an involuntary contraction or convulsion of a muscle, the thoracic diaphragm, that results in a sudden intake of air. The diaphragm sits horizontally below the lungs and rib cage – it assists in producing airflow for breathing, speaking, and it has other non-respiratory functions. The characteristic sound of a hiccup, or “hic” sound, happens when airflow is stopped at the trachea and the vocal folds.
Hiccups occur frequently and spontaneously under these conditions:
- overeating
- eating too quickly
- eating spicy or fatty foods
- swallowing too much air
- drinking (carbonated beverages and alcohol especially) too much or too quickly
- taking some medications
- changes in life circumstances that cause stress or excitement