Sick? You're at Risk

Those who suffer from diarrhea or vomiting can quickly develop dehydration as precious fluids are rapidly expelled from the body. It can happen in minutes as fluids, minerals, vitamins and electrolytes are all purged. Similarly, a high fever, particularly if combined with the other two issues, can bring on the rapid onset of dehydration.

People who sweat a lot lose a tremendous amount of water, and if they’re doing so in hot weather, it can happen even faster. Those with a low body weight are particularly susceptible, so keep an eye on children and older adults. It’s also possible to dehydrate in winter, so don’t be fooled by the outside temperature.

Excess sweating may occur when taking certain medications, including many blood pressure medications or an undiagnosed diabetic underlying condition. You may have increased urination, which can drain the system and leave you dehydrated. As we age, the body loses its ability to hold onto water, and the elderly lose a sense of taste and thirst, which, in turn, causes less interest in food and drink. Those who live alone or under supervised care in an assisted living or nursing home need to be encouraged to maintain a regular schedule of hydration.

Diabetics are at particular risk for dehydration because the body burns a lot of calories. Heart and kidney problems also can lead to dehydration issues.

Finally, dehydration can be caused by that old real estate maxim – location, location, location. If you live or work at high altitudes, your body may work overtime to adjust to the elevation. Problems typically begin about 8.200 feet above sea level, and the body’s effort to get more oxygen can speed up the entire system, increasing urination and breathing more rapidly, which expels water vapor.

Staying hydrated is really all about paying attention. If you’re active, take regular water breaks, particularly when it's hot. Always have a bottle of water handy, and make sure children and older relatives are conscious of the need to stop and have a drink on occasion. If you follow these simple steps, it will go a long way toward preserving your water levels and lead to better health.