The other concerning factor is that no one really knows why tampons are associated with TSS at all. However, experts say there two theories regarding this link. According to NHS Choices, some experts think that tampons may create a bacteria-friendly environment. This might be particularly true if the most absorbent types of tampons are not changed in a timely manner. However, some other experts think that tampon fibers may actually scratch the vaginal wall, which creates a place where bacteria can enter the body. 

That said, TSS does not only occur in tampon users. In fact, experts say that tampon-related TSS develops in less than 50 percent of cases, and a quarter of cases are said to occur in men. This is because TSS can develop as a result of cuts and burns, surgery, contraceptive methods (like sponges or diaphragms), and even viral infections like the flu or chicken pox. 

So if TSS isn’t just a tampon-related issue, why does it occur at all? 

According to NHS Choices, staph and strep bacteria normally reside on skin and in the nose and throat. They are usually harmless because antibodies protect the body. Unfortunately, some people don’t seem to have the antibodies needed to fight these invaders; the reason for this is not known. 

When these bacteria are introduced into the body by way of a cut, burn, the throat, or vagina, toxins are released into the blood. Consequently, inflammation occurs, which results in a drop in blood pressure. Organs then begin fail, which almost always involves the kidneys. Tissues are also invaded, which can affect the skin and muscles. 

When it comes to TSS, a number of symptoms may occur. The Mayo Clinic says that one such symptom can be a high fever that comes on suddenly. Low blood pressure, along with nausea diarrhea occur, and sometimes a sunburn-like rash develops, usually on the palms and soles of feet. Confusion, achy muscles, and redness of the eyes, mouth and throat, may also be seen. Headaches and seizures are possible. 

If you suspect TSS, go to a doctor or emergency room immediately. This is very important if you have a cut or burn or if you have used tampons recently. Don’t wait. TSS is a critical health concern that can result in death.