Iodine is also essential for children. In severe cases, iodine deficiency can affect brain and the nervous system development, and mild iodine deficiency may impair neurological development. 

Iodine deficiency also can lead to fibrocystic breast disease. When this occurs, breasts develop painful lumps. While this health issue isn’t dangerous, it can be frustrating. This is most often seen in reproductive years; however, it has been seen in menopausal women. To treat this, doctors sometimes recommend high doses of iodine.

Iodine Deficiency: Signs and Symptoms

According to the American Thyroid Association, the first symptom of iodine deficiency is a goiter. In fact, iodine deficiency is said to be the most common reason that people develop enlarged thyroids and goiters. If you develop a goiter, you may feel as if you’re choking. Plus, you may experience difficulty swallowing and breathing.

Iodine is necessary for thyroid hormone production, so when levels are low, hypothyroidism can occur. Though this issue isn’t often seen in America, it is a global issue. In fact, iodine deficiency is said to be the most common reason for hypothyroidism in the world. 

It’s also important to know that you can get too much iodine. And interestingly, the signs are similar to those of iodine deficiency. When you have too much iodine, goiters can develop. Further, those with too much iodine may develop thyroid inflammation and thyroid cancer. And too much iodine can cause irritation of the mouth, throat and stomach as well as vomiting, diarrhea, weak pulse and even coma.  

The best way to avoid iodine deficiency is to take precautions. Use salt that contains iodine, and take supplements if you’re pregnant or breastfeeding. The American Thyroid Association says that you should make sure that your daily multivitamin contains 150 mg or more of iodine. If you do suspect iodine deficiency, talk to your doctor as soon as possible about this health concern.