Like in real estate, whether hemorrhoids pose a major or minor irritation depends largely on their location, location, location. Internal hemorrhoids are cushioned somewhat by the rectum and usually only cause discomfort if a large stool passes over them, causing the muscles to strain to pass it. This can irritate the hemorrhoid and cause bleeding and irritation.

External hemorrhoids pose their own unique problems. Sometimes the irritation becomes so great that blood pools in the hemorrhoid, forming a clot (known as a thrombus) that can swell and cause severe pain and inflammation.

Other Conditions Possible

Any rectal bleeding can be a sign of trouble beyond hemorrhoids. Underlying conditions that can cause bleeding include colorectal cancer and anal cancer. That’s why a doctor should examine persistent bleeding.

During the exam, the doctor will perform tests to rule out more serious conditions that can be attributed to bleeding. Of particular interest are any changes in bowel habits and the color of the stools -- black, maroon or tarry stools are not a good sign. Passing blood clots or having blood mixed in the with the stool are signs of serious problems and should be addressed by a medical professional because they may signal issues within the digestive tract.

Of course, large amounts of bleeding accompanied by dizziness or fainting indicate an emergency situation, and the patient should seek immediate attention.

Although they aren’t common, there can be complications from hemorrhoids. These include anemia, caused by chronic blood loss and resulting in weakness and fatigue, and a condition called a strangulated hemorrhoid, in which blood supply to the internal hemorrhoid is cut off, causing tissue death (gangrene) and extreme pain.