Emphysema sufferers are more susceptible to other physical ailments, including collapsed lungs, heart problems as the pressure in the arteries increases, and large holes in the lungs (referred to clinically as giant bullae).
Diagnosing Emphysema
A series of tests is necessary to diagnose emphysema. These include:
1) Imaging tests -- An X-ray may not provide total evidence of emphysema because X-rays may show normal results. Thus, a medical professional may recommend a CT (computerized tomography) scan.
2) Blood test -- Samples will be drawn from an extremity, usually an artery in the wrist, to better determine how well the lungs function.
3) Lung tests -- These are a series of exercises that will determine the lungs' air power, measuring their capacity and flow, as well as how effectively they deliver oxygen to the bloodstream. The most common tests involve a spirometer, which you blow into to measure lung function. All of these tests are non-invasive.
Emphysema patients can help themselves by continuing to exercise, wearing masks or scarves in cold weather to avoid causing spasms in the bronchial passages, and attempting to avoid respiratory infections by getting an annual flu shot and avoiding people who are obviously ill. The key to emphysema is management, and eliminating aggravating factors will help delay the disease's progression.